Epacadostat Before Surgery in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Stage III-IV Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

* Newly diagnosed stage III or IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal carcinoma with or without ascites and potentially resectable disease agreeing to debulking surgery as standard therapy
* Pre-surgery tumor deemed amenable to core biopsy (with at least 100 mm\^3 tumor volume per biopsy)
* Patients must be willing and able to undergo ascites fluid collection pre- and post-study treatment if adequate ascites is present; patients without adequate ascites may also participate in the trial
* Patients must be willing and able to undergo a pre-surgery biopsy and wait 2 weeks before their debulking surgery; NOTE: consented patients with subsequent inadequate biopsy material will not receive INCB024360 or be analyzed and will be replaced; the study will be stopped if adequate tissue is not obtained in more than 2/3 of paired samples with a maximum accrual of 18 patients
* Women of all races and ethnic groups are eligible for this trial
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1 (Karnofsky \> 70%)
* Any human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type
* Life expectancy of at least 6 months
* Leukocytes \>= 3,000/mcL
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,000/mcL
* Platelets \>= 100,000/mcL
* Hemoglobin \> 11g/dL
* Total bilirubin \< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) up to 2.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Creatinine \< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal OR creatinine clearance \> 60 ml/min OR \> 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal
* Prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) less than 1.5 times the institutional upper limit of normal
* Females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test within 48 hours prior to initiation of protocol therapy; women of child-bearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation, and 4 months after completion of INCB024360; effective birth control includes (a) intrauterine device (IUD) plus one barrier method; or (b) 2 barrier methods; effective barrier methods are male or female condoms, diaphragms, and spermicides (creams or gels that contain a chemical to kill sperm) (c) oral contraceptive pills and (d) intramuscular DEPO medroxyprogesterone acetate; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately

  * NOTE: subjects are considered not of childbearing potential if they are surgically sterile, they have undergone a hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy or they are postmenopausal; menopause is the age associated with complete cessation of menstrual cycles, menses, and implies the loss of reproductive potential; by a practical definition, it assumes menopause after 1 year without menses with an appropriate clinical profile at the appropriate age
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have had prior systemic therapy or radiotherapy for stage III or IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal carcinoma
* Extensive active brain disease including symptomatic brain metastases or presence of leptomeningeal disease
* Concomitant systemic treatment with corticosteroids, anti-histamine or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; any cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are permitted
* Use of any UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9 (UGT1A9) inhibitor including: acitretin, amitriptyline, androsterone, cyclosporine, dasatinib, diclofenac, diflunisal, efavirenz, erlotinib, estradiol (17-beta), flutamide, gefitinib, gemfibrozil, glycyrrhetinic acid, glycyrrhizin, imatinib, imipramine, ketoconazole, linoleic acid, mefenamic acid, mycophenolic acid, niflumic acid, nilotinib, phenobarbital, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, and probenecid propofol, quinidine, ritonavir, sorafenib, sulfinpyrazone, valproic acid, and verapamil; patients must avoid UGT1A9 inhibitors from the screening period through active treatment with INCB024360 and for one week after discontinuation of INCB024360
* Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to:

  * Unstable angina pectoris
  * Cardiac arrhythmia
  * Congestive heart failure
  * Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
  * Medical or psychiatric illness that would, in the opinion of the investigator, preclude participation in the study or the ability of patients to provide informed consent for themselves
* Pregnancy or nursing or unwilling to take adequate birth control during therapy; NOTE: breastfeeding should be discontinued
* Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other history of immunodeficiency disorder
* Patients who had, within the past 6 months, a cardiovascular accident (CVA) or at risk for arterial thrombus such as severe peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and carotid artery disease (CAD)
* History of autoimmune disorders requiring cytotoxic or immunosuppressive therapy, or autoimmune disorders with visceral involvement; active or inactive auto-immune disorders (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, moderate or severe psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, etc.) requiring treatment

  * The following will not be exclusionary:

    * Vitiligo, thyroiditis or eczema requiring systemic steroids at a dose =\< 7.5 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent; individual cases can be discussed with the principal investigator
* History of pulmonary disease such as emphysema or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), (forced expiratory volume of the lung in 1 second \[FEV1\] \> 60% of predicted for height and age); pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are required in patients with prolonged smoking history or signs, symptoms, or history of respiratory dysfunction)
* Cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis C virus positivity or chronic hepatitis B infection; subjects who may not tolerate immune-mediated hepatitis due to compromised hepatic reserve are also excluded from participation including: 1) subjects with extensive liver metastasis (as judged by the investigator) 2) subjects who drink more than two standard alcoholic beverages per day on a regular basis 3) subjects who consume more than 2 grams of acetaminophen per day on a regular basis

  * A positive hepatitis B serology indicative of previous immunization (i.e., hepatitis B surface antibody \[HBsAb\] positive and hepatitis B core antibody \[HBcAb\] negative), or a fully resolved acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is not an exclusion criterion
* Concurrent systemic immunosuppressive therapy or steroid therapy with more than 7 consecutive days of steroids within the last 4 weeks

  * The use of prednisone or equivalent \< 0.125 mg/kg/day (absolute maximum of 10 mg/day) as replacement therapy is permitted
  * Inhaled corticosteroids are permitted
  * The following will not be exclusionary:

    * The presence of laboratory evidence of autoimmune disease (e.g. positive antinuclear antibody \[ANA\] titer) without associated symptoms
    * Mild Raynaud's phenomenon
    * History of severe asthma, as defined by prior or current use of systemic corticosteroids for disease control, with the exception of physiological replacement doses of cortisone acetate or equivalent, as defined by a dose of prednisone or equivalent of 10 mg or less
* Malabsorption syndrome or chronic nausea that might hinder absorption and assessment of oral medication
* Cardiovascular disease that meets one of the following: congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class III or IV), active angina pectoris, or recent myocardial infarction (within the last 6 months)
* History of pulmonary embolus and/or substantial deep vein thrombosis
* Patient with prior malignancies other than ovarian cancer for which the patient has not been disease free for 3 years or more, except treated and cured basal or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the cervix
* Therapy with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) within the last 4 weeks or history of serotonin syndrome
* Prisoners or subjects who are compulsorily detained (involuntarily incarcerated) for treatment of either a psychiatric or medical (e.g. infectious) illness
* Any underlying medical or psychiatric condition, which in the opinion of the investigator, will make the administration of INCB024360 hazardous or obscure the interpretation of adverse events
* Unable or unwilling to swallow tablets BID
* Subjects with any concurrent condition that, in the investigator's opinion, would jeopardize the safety of the subject or compliance with the protocol
* Low-dose Coumadin (1 mg) is acceptable; however, doses that increase INR are not permitted; if an alternative to Coumadin-based anticoagulants cannot be used, the INR should be monitored weekly after initiation of therapy and upon discontinuation of INCB024360, until INR normalization