Anal HPV Tests in Screening for Cell Changes in the Anus in Patients With HIV

Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV positive; HIV-1 infection, as documented by any federally approved, licensed HIV rapid test performed in conjunction with screening (or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay \[ELISA\], test kit, and confirmed by Western blot or other approved test); alternatively, this documentation may include a record that another physician has documented that the participant has HIV infection based on prior ELISA and Western blot, or other approved diagnostic tests
* Karnofsky performance status \> 70%
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 750 cells/mm\^3 within 120 days of study entry
* Platelet count \>= 75,000 cells/mm\^3 within 120 days of study entry

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current or history of anal or perianal carcinoma
* History of anal HSIL cytology or histology
* Known permanent or irreversible bleeding disorder, or any illness that, in the opinion of the clinical investigator, would contraindicate any biopsy of the anal canal
* For women able to conceive, evidence of pregnancy by a positive urinary pregnancy test; pregnant women are excluded from enrollment in this study
* Serious medical or psychiatric illness that in the opinion of the site Investigator will interfere with the ability of the subject to give informed consent or adhere to the protocol
* Ongoing use of anticoagulant therapy other than aspirin, clopidogrel or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
* Inability to provide informed consent
* Treatment of anal and/or perianal HPV associated disease (i.e., condyloma or low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia \[AIN\]) within 4 months of study entry