Fosaprepitant for N/V With High-dose Interleukin-2 for Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of intravenous fosaprepitant therapy to reduce nausea and vomiting during the treatment of high dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) therapy for metastatic melanoma or metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Fosaprepitant is an intravenous (IV) medication that is FDA- approved for use in adults for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy. Fosaprepitant works by blocking the neurokinin-1 receptor, which is a receptor in the brain that is known to cause nausea and vomiting. Past studies estimate that up to 70% of patients undergoing treatment with HD IL-2 will have nausea and/or vomiting. While fosaprepitant has been used in clinical practice to treat nausea and vomiting during HD IL-2, there have not been any studies done to see how well it works. All patients will receive treatment (IV fosaprepitant) during the study during either the first or second hospital admission for HD IL-2. On the admission that the subject is not receiving IV fosaprepitant, the subject will receive placebo (a medicine that looks like fosaprepitant, but is not active). The study is double-blinded, which means neither the subject, nor the study doctor will know to which group you have been assigned to that admission (IV fosaprepitant or placebo). This study design was chosen to limit the potential for bias, which means the trial was designed to try to ensure that unknown factors do not affect trial results. When patients start the study, patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: those who receive treatment (IV fosaprepitant) first and those who receive placebo first. During the first admission, subjects will be given the IV fosaprepitant or IV placebo during admission. During the second admission, subjects will 'crossover' and receive the other treatment that they did not receive during the first admission. Improvement in nausea and vomiting will be assessed by counting the number of nausea and vomiting episodes, recording if the subject needs additional medication for nausea and vomiting, and by using patient questionnaires.

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

90 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible for enrollment into the study:

  1. Evidence of a personally signed and dated informed consent document indicating that the subject (or legally acceptable representative) has been informed of all pertinent aspects of the trial.
  2. Subjects who are willing to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests, and other study procedures.
  3. Be at least 18 years of age at the time of informed consent.
  4. Has a diagnosis of metastatic melanoma or metastatic renal cell carcinoma and who will undergo high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) therapy
  5. Have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 2 or less at Baseline/Day 1 visit. (See Appendix 6 on p. 51, ECOG Performance Status)
  6. Female of reproductive potential must agree use non-hormonal methods to avoid pregnancy during study participation and for 1 month after last dose of study drug

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects presenting with any of the following will not be included in the study:

  1. Women who are pregnant or lactating, or planning pregnancy
  2. Women of childbearing potential who refuse to use non-hormonal methods to avoid pregnancy
  3. Known hypersensitivity to any component of fosaprepitant or aprepitant
  4. Have taken pimozide or cisapride \<4 weeks, cytochrome P450 3A4 inducers within 30 days, strong CYP3A4 inhibitors within 7 days, or antiemetics within 48 hours prior to treatment initiation (See Appendix 7 on p. 52 for list of CYP3A4 inducers and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors)
  5. Have evidence of clinically significant and unstable diseases or conditions such as cardiovascular, immunosuppressive, hematologic, hepatic, neurologic, renal, endocrine, collagen-vascular, or gastrointestinal abnormalities that the investigator thinks may interfere with study participation
  6. Participation in other study using an investigational or experimental therapy or procedure within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) before study entry
  7. Subjects cannot participate in studies of other investigational or experimental therapies or procedures at any time during their participation in this study.
  8. Other severe acute or chronic medical or psychiatric condition or laboratory abnormality that may increase the risk associated with study participation or may interfere with the interpretation of study results and, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the subject inappropriate for entry into this study.
  9. Subjects who are investigational site staff members or who are Sponsor employees directly involved in the conduct of the trial.
  10. A subject who, in the opinion of the investigator or sponsor, will be uncooperative or unable to comply with study procedures.

• BACKGROUNDGrunberg S, Chua D, Maru A, Dinis J, DeVandry S, Boice JA, Hardwick JS, Beckford E, Taylor A, Carides A, Roila F, Herrstedt J. Single-dose fosaprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting associated with cisplatin therapy: randomized, double-blind study protocol--EASE. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Apr 10;29(11):1495-501. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.31.7859. Epub 2011 Mar 7. PMID 21383291
• BACKGROUNDVan Laere K, De Hoon J, Bormans G, Koole M, Derdelinckx I, De Lepeleire I, Declercq R, Sanabria Bohorquez SM, Hamill T, Mozley PD, Tatosian D, Xie W, Liu Y, Liu F, Zappacosta P, Mahon C, Butterfield KL, Rosen LB, Murphy MG, Hargreaves RJ, Wagner JA, Shadle CR. Equivalent dynamic human brain NK1-receptor occupancy following single-dose i.v. fosaprepitant vs. oral aprepitant as assessed by PET imaging. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Aug;92(2):243-50. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2012.62. Epub 2012 Jun 27. PMID 22739139