TH-302 Plus Doxorubicin Delivered by Trans-Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Inclusion Criteria:

* At least 18 years of age
* Ability to understand the purposes and risks of the study and has signed a written informed consent form approved by the investigator's IRB/Ethics Committee
* Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with either:

  1. liver limited disease who are not transplant candidates as they fall outside of Milan criteria, but may be eligible for transplant after successful downstaging with TACE
  2. liver limited disease who satisfy Milan criteria, but are at risk of falling out of Milan criteria before they receive a liver transplant
  3. non-transplantable HCC but with liver limited or metastatic disease that requires local TACE therapy
* Measurable disease by modified RECIST criteria (at least one target lesion outside of previous radiation fields)
* ECOG performance status of 2 or less
* Life expectancy of at least 3 months
* Childs-Pugh Class A or B
* HCC amenable to TACE
* Patent main portal vein (thrombosis of portal vein branch not exclusionary)
* Acceptable liver function:
* Bilirubin \< 2 mg/dL
* AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) \< 5 x ULN is allowed
* Acceptable renal function:
* Serum creatinine \< 1.5 ULN
* Acceptable hematologic status (without hematologic support for TACE #1):
* ANC \> 500 cells/μL
* Platelet count \> 50,000/μL

Exclusion Criteria:

* New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV, cardiac disease, myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to Day 1, unstable arrhythmia or symptomatic peripheral arterial vascular disease
* Known brain, leptomeningeal or epidural metastases (unless treated and well controlled for \>=3 months)
* Previously treated malignancies, except for adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, in situ cancer, or other cancer from which the subject has been disease-free for at least 5 years
* Severe chronic obstructive or other pulmonary disease with hypoxemia (requires supplementary oxygen, symptoms due to hypoxemia or oxygen saturation \<90% by pulse oximetry after a 2 minute walk) or in the opinion of the investigator any physiological state likely to cause systemic or regional hypoxemia
* Major surgery, other than diagnostic surgery, within 4 weeks prior to Day 1, without complete recovery
* Active, uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, requiring systemic therapy
* Sorafenib within the previous 4 weeks or the intention to initiate sorafenib while on study
* Poor liver function as indicated by serum bilirubin \> 2 mg/dL, Child-Pugh Class C, severe coagulopathy (INR \> 2) not correctable with vitamin K, or active hepatic encephalopathy
* Main portal vein occlusion
* Liver rupture or tumor penetration of liver capsule
* Tumor invasion of biliary system with biliary obstruction
* Severe cytopenias, including ANC \< 500 cells/μL, Hemoglobin \< 8 g/dL, or platelets \< 50,000/μL
* Subjects who have exhibited allergic reactions to a structural compound, biological agent similar to TH-302
* Females who are pregnant or breast-feeding
* Concomitant disease or condition that could interfere with the conduct of the study, or that would, in the opinion of the investigator, pose an unacceptable risk to the subject in this study
* Unwillingness or inability to comply with the study protocol for any reason