Clinical trial · Interventional
Comparing Water Exchange, Water Immersion and Air Insufflation Methods During Colonoscopy With the Option of on Demand Sedation
A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing Water Exchange, Water Immersion and Air Insufflation Methods During Colonoscopy With the Option of on Demand Sedation
- Source
- ClinicalTrials.gov
- Retrieved
- Sep 8, 2026
- Layer
- normalized (units and labels harmonized; values unchanged)
- Run
- ING-CLINICALTRIALS-20260908-000001
Summary
Brief summary (as posted)
This prospective, randomized controlled trial compares traditional air insufflation with water immersion and water exchange in patients undergoing colonoscopy using on demand sedation. We test the hypothesis that compared with air insufflation the proportion of patients who require on demand sedation during colonoscopy will be significantly lowered by water immersion and water exchange, and water exchange will produce the greatest reduction
Conditions
Conditions (1)
Free-text conditions as registered, with the CancerIndex entity they were reconciled to and the match type.
| Condition (as posted) | Mapped entity | Match | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colon Neoplasm | Colon Neoplasm | ONTOLOGY_EXACT | 0.98 |
Interventions
Interventions (3)
| Intervention | Type | Mapped drug | Match |
|---|---|---|---|
| air insufflation | Procedure | — | UNRESOLVED |
| water exchange | Procedure | — | UNRESOLVED |
| water immersion | Procedure | — | UNRESOLVED |
Design
Arms and outcomes
Arms (3)
- type
- EXPERIMENTAL
- label
- water immersion
- description
- infuse water during insertion phase of colonoscopy instead of air insufflation; remove the water during withdrawal phase.
- interventionNames
- Procedure: water immersion
- type
- EXPERIMENTAL
- label
- water exchange
- description
- infuse and remove water during the insertion phase of colonoscopy. Air insufflation is used only in the withdrawal phase
- interventionNames
- Procedure: water exchange
- type
- ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
- label
- air insufflation
- description
Eligibility
Eligibility (as posted)
- Sex
- All
- Minimum age
- 20 Years
- Maximum age
- 80 Years
Show eligibility criteria text
Inclusion Criteria: * Patients undergoing colonoscopy performed by the endoscopist at our endoscopic suite Exclusion Criteria: * request for sedation, indicated for bidirectional endoscopy, obstructive lesions of the colon, allergy to meperidine or propofol, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) risk Class 3 or higher, massive ascites, past history of partial colectomy, or refusal to provide written informed consent.
References
Publications (3)
- BACKGROUNDHsieh YH, Lin HJ, Tseng KC. Limited water infusion decreases pain during minimally sedated colonoscopy. World J Gastroenterol. 2011 May 7;17(17):2236-40. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i17.2236. PMID 21633535
- BACKGROUNDLeung FW, Harker JO, Jackson G, Okamoto KE, Behbahani OM, Jamgotchian NJ, Aharonian HS, Guth PH, Mann SK, Leung JW. A proof-of-principle, prospective, randomized, controlled trial demonstrating improved outcomes in scheduled unsedated colonoscopy by the water method. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Oct;72(4):693-700. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.05.020. Epub 2010 Jul 8. PMID 20619405
- BACKGROUNDRadaelli F, Paggi S, Amato A, Terruzzi V. Warm water infusion versus air insufflation for unsedated colonoscopy: a randomized, controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Oct;72(4):701-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.06.025. PMID 20883846