A Study of Vemurafenib Adjuvant Therapy in Participants With Surgically Resected Cutaneous BRAF-Mutant Melanoma

Inclusion Criteria:

* Histologically confirmed melanoma of cutaneous origin
* Participants with BRAFV600 mutation-positive, cutaneous melanoma (either pathologic Stage IIC or Stage III according to AJCC Staging Criteria version 7 that has been completely resected
* BRAF V600 mutation status of the current primary tumor or involved lymph node determined to be positive using the cobas BRAF V600 mutation test
* Surgically rendered free of disease within 90 days of randomization
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
* Life expectancy of at least 5 years
* Fully recovered from the effects of any major surgery or significant traumatic injury prior to the first dose of study treatment
* Adequate hematologic, hepatic, and renal function

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of any systemic or local therapy (e.g., chemotherapy, biologic or targeted therapy, hormonal therapy, or photodynamic therapy) for the treatment or prevention of melanoma, including interferon alpha-2b and pegylated interferon alpha-2b
* History of limb perfusion therapy
* History of radiotherapy for the treatment of melanoma
* Invasive malignancy other than melanoma at the time of enrollment or within 5 years prior to first dose of study treatment
* Family history of inherited colon cancer syndromes
* Known personal history of \>3 adenomatous colorectal polyps or a personal history of adenomatous colorectal polyp(s) \>2 centimeters (cm) in size
* History of or current clinical, radiographic, or pathologic evidence of in-transit metastases, satellite, or microsatellite lesions
* History of or current clinical, radiographic, or pathologic evidence of recurrent lymph node involvement after resection of a primary melanoma with lymph node involvement at any time in the past
* History of local and/or regional and/or distant melanoma recurrence
* History or current radiographic or pathologic evidence of distant metastases
* History of clinically significant cardiac or pulmonary dysfunction
* Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment
* Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, or hepatitis C virus