Vorinostat Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone or Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma Patients Who Experience Biochemical Relapse During Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years.
* Patient is, in the investigator(s) opinion, willing and able to comply with the protocol requirements.
* Patient has given voluntary written informed consent before performance of any study-related procedure not part of normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the patient at any time without prejudice to their future medical care.
* Female patient is either post-menopausal for 24 consecutive months or surgically sterilized or agree to continuous abstinence from heterosexual sexual contact or willing to use effective contraception for 4 weeks prior to beginning study drug therapy, during study drug therapy (including dose interruption) and for 4 weeks after discontinuation of therapy; female patients not pregnant or nursing; female with a negative pregnancy test.
* Male patient agrees to use an acceptable method for contraception during study drug therapy (including dose interruption) and for 4 weeks after discontinuation of therapy.
* Patient diagnosed with MM based on standard criteria, and has measurable disease (14,15), defined as follows:
* Secretory myeloma: any quantifiable serum monoclonal protein value (generally, but not necessarily, greater than 1 g/dL of IgG M-Protein and greater than 0.5 g/dL of IgA M-Protein), and/or where applicable, urine light-chain excretion of \> 200 mg/24 hours or involved free light chain (FLC) level \> 10 mg/dl provided serum FLC ratio is abnormal;
* Non-secretory myeloma: \> 30% plasma cells in the bone marrow and at least one plasmacytoma \> 2 cm as determined by clinical examination or applicable radiographs (i.e., MRI or CT scan).
* Patient receiving Lenalidomide maintenance therapy as part of first line treatment (concomitant use of prednisone is accepted) and has experienced a biochemical relapse, with evidence of progressive disease defined as increase of 25% from lowest response value in any one or more of the following: Serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/100 ml) and/or Urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg per 24 h); only in patients without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels (absolute increase must be \> 10 mg/l) (12).
* No evidence of end organ damage that can be attributed to the underlying plasma cell proliferative disorder, specifically hypercalcemia (serum calcium ≥ 11.5 mg/100 ml) or renal insufficiency (serum creatinine \> 1.73 mmol/l), or anemia (hemoglobin value of \> 2 g/100 ml below the lower limit of normal or a hemoglobin value \< 10 g/100 ml) or bone lesions (lytic lesions, severe osteopenia or pathologic fractures) (11).
* Patient has a Karnofsky performance status ≥ 60%.
* Patient has a life-expectancy \> 3 months.
* Patient has not active infectious hepatitis type B or C and no known HIV infection.
* Patient has not to have congenital long QT syndrome or right bundle branch block + left anterior hemiblock (bifascicular block).

Screening ECG with a QTc \< 450 msec.

* Patient has not to take anti-arrhythmic drugs or other medicinal products which led to QT prolongation and cumulative high dose of anthracycline.
* Patient has not clinically significant illness that would, in the investigator's opinion, increase the patient's risk for toxicity.
* Patient has not a currently active malignancy, other than non melanoma skin cancer and carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Patients are not considered to have a currently active second malignancy if they have completed therapy for a prior malignancy, are disease free from prior malignancies for \> 5 years and are considered by their physicians to be at less than 30% risk of relapse.
* No history of allergic reactions attributed to study agents.
* No prior exposure to HDACi. Patients exposed to valproic acid could be eligible with a wash out period of at least 30 days.
* More than 30 days since prior class Ia, Ib and Ic antiarrhythmic medications.
* Patient has the following laboratory values within 28 days before baseline day 1 of the cycle 1:
* Platelets count ≥ 75 x 109/L
* Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.0 x 109/L
* Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin: ≤ 2 x the upper limit of normal (ULN).
* Calculated or measured creatinine clearance: ≥ 20 mL/minute
* PT and PTT: ≤ 1.5 the ULN
* Serum potassium ≥ LLN
* Serum magnesium ≥ LLN
* Serum phosphorus ≥ LLN

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any serious medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness or social situation that would prevent the subject from signing the informed consent form or limit the compliance with study medications and requirements.
* Pregnant or beast feeding females.
* Use of any other concomitant standard/experimental anti-myeloma drug or therapy.
* Known positive for HIV or active infectious hepatitis, type B or C.
* Known congenital long QT syndrome or right bundle branch block + left anterior hemiblock (bifascicular block).
* Screening ECG with a QTc \> 450 msec.
* Ongoing therapy with anti-arrhythmic drugs or other medicinal products which led to QT prolongation and cumulative high dose of anthracycline.
* Patient with currently active malignancy, other than non melanoma skin cancer and carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Patients are not considered to have a currently active second malignancy if they have completed therapy for a prior malignancy, are disease free from prior malignancies for \> 5 years and are considered by their physicians to be at less then 30% risk of relapse.
* History of allergic reactions attributed to study agents.
* Prior exposure to HDACi. Patients exposed to valproic acid could be eligible with a wash out period of at least 30 days.
* Less than 30 days since prior class Ia, Ib and Ic antiarrhythmic medications