Robotic Seed Implantation for Prostate Cancer Brachytherapy

Inclusion Criteria:

* Histologically confirmed, adenocarcinoma of the prostate, clinical stage T1c-T2b, NX, N0, M0.
* Zubrod status 0-1.
* Prostate tumor biopsy grading by Gleason score classification is mandatory prior to registration
* No prior pelvic radiation or chemotherapy for any reason; induction hormonal therapy beginning \< or = 6 months prior to registration is acceptable.
* Prostate volume \< or = 65 cc prior to registration, or planned use of LHRH agonist therapy for reduction of prostate volume. If LHRH agonist therapy is used to reduce prostate volume, then prostate volume must be \< or = 65 cc on the routine pre-implant volume study to be eligible for the study.
* Gleason score 6, or Gleason Score 7 if both , or = 33% of biopsy cores contain cancer and PSA level is \< or = 10 ng/mL.
* AUA voiding symptoms score \< or = 15.
* Prostate specific antigen (PSA) prior to study entry (and prior to any hormone treatment if given); must be \< or = 20 ng/ml.
* Patients must sign a study-specific consent form prior to registration (Standard of care: only the standard consent form must be signed).
* Patient must be \> or = 40 years old.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Stage T2c, T3 or T4 disease.
* Lymph node involvement (pathological N1)
* Evidence of distant metastases (M1)
* Gleason score 8-10.
* Prostate specific antigen (PSA) prior to study entry \> 20 ng/mL.
* AUA voiding symptoms score \> 15.
* Radical surgery for carcinoma of the prostate.
* Previous hormonal therapy beginning \> 6 months prior to registration
* Previous or concurrent cancers other than basal or squamous cell skin cancers unless disease- free for \> or = 5 years.
* Major medical or psychiatric illness which, in the investigator's opinion, would prevent completion of treatment and would interfere with follow-up and/or completion of HRQoL questionnaires (not a condition for ineligibility in Standard of care).
* Prior TURP
* Hip prosthesis