Blackberry Intake and Biomarkers of Cancer Risk

Inclusion Criteria:

* Non-smoking men and women
* Aged 40-75
* BMI 19-38 kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria:

* Younger then 40 ears old or older than 75 years old
* BMI less than 19 or greater than 38
* Use of blood-thinning medications such as warfarin, dicumarol, or anisinidione
* Presence of kidney disease, liver disease, gout, certain cancers, untreated thyroid, gastrointestinal, other metabolic diseases or malabsorption syndromes
* Type 2 diabetes requiring the use of oral antidiabetic agents or insulin
* Fasting triglycerides greater than 300 mg/dL
* Fasting glucose greater than 126 mg/dL
* History of eating disorders or other dietary patterns which are not consistent with the dietary intervention (e.g. vegetarians, very low fat diets, high protein diets)
* Use of prescription of over-the-counter antiobesity medications or supplements during and for at least 6 months prior to the start of the study or a history of a surgical intervention for obesity
* Active cardiovascular disease
* Use of any tobacco products in the past 6 months
* Use of oral or IV antibiotics during the month preceding the study or during the study
* Unwillingness to abstain from vitamin, mineral, and herbal supplements for two weeks prior to the start of the study
* Known (self-reported) allergy or adverse reaction to blackberries or gelatin
* Unable or unwilling to give informed consent or communicate with study staff
* Self-report of alcohol or substance abuse within the past 12 months and/or current acute treatment or rehabilitation program for these problems (long-term participation in Alcoholics Anonymous is not an exclusion)
* Other medical, psychiatric, or behavioral factors that in the judgment of the Principal Investigator may interfere with study participation or the ability to follow the intervention protocol