Study of the Effect of Innate on the Inflammatory Response to Endotoxin

* INCLUSION CRITERIA:
* Male or female 18 years of age or older
* Participants must be able to understand and provide written informed consent to participate in the study
* Participants must be able to travel to the CRU
* Willing and able to fast after midnight the night prior to their study appointment.
* Healthy participants as defined by the International Red Cross guidelines (Healthy means that an individual feels well and can perform normal activities. If the individual has a chronic condition such as diabetes or high blood pressure, healthy also means that they are being treated and the condition is under control).

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

* Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) within 5 days prior to enrollment visit (e.g., Motrin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and Advil)
* Use of acetaminophen (Tylenol) within 5 days prior to enrollment visit
* Use of cholesterol lowering drugs (statins) within 30 days prior to enrollment visit (e.g., Zocor, Mevacor, Lipitor, and Crestor)
* Use of immunosuppressants or other immune-modifying drugs \[e.g., Rituxan, Humira, Enbrel, Cyclosporin (Neoral, Sandimmune, and SangCya), and Azathioprine (Imuran)\], Monoclonal antibodies \[e.g., infliximab (Remicade)\], and corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone)
* Current treatment for cancer with chemotherapy or radiation
* Confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient condition
* GI or respiratory Illness within 5 days prior to enrollment visit, including cold or allergies
* Smoked tobacco, chewed tobacco or used electronic cigarettes within 2 weeks prior to enrollment visit (for participants who provide a urine specimen, this will be defined by urine cotinine \>200 ng/mL at visit)
* Alcohol consumption greater than 2 standard drinks (1 standard drink contains 15 g of ethanol) per day within the last 24 hours prior to the enrollment visit
* Body weight \< 50 kg (\<110 lbs)
* Temperature \> 37.6 C; blood pressure \< 90/50 mm Hg or \> 170/95 mm Hg; pulse rate \< 50 or \>100 beats/minute
* Pregnant or suspected pregnancy
* Chronic Kidney Disease

The PI may review medication use on a case by case basis and make a medical determination on the participant s eligibility. In these cases, the PI determination will be documented in the participant s chart.