Pilot Study of Gleevec/Imatinib Mesylate (STI-571, NSC 716051) in Neurofibromatosis (NF1) Patient With Plexiform Neurofibromas

Inclusion criteria

1. Patients \> 3 years of age.
2. Diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
3. Presence of clinically significant plexiform neurofibromas (biopsy proven if possible with tissue blocks available); defined as tumors that are potentially life threatening or are impinging on vital structures or significantly impair the quality of life from pain or other symptoms.
4. Patients must have measurable disease by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
5. Patients must have a Karnofsky of \> 70% or Lansky of \> 50% and a life expectancy of \> 2 months.
6. Adequate end organ function, defined as the following:

   total bilirubin \< 1.5 x ULN, SGOT and SGPT \< 2.5 x UNL, creatinine \< 1.5 x ULN, ANC \> 1.5 x 109/L, platelets \> 100 x 109/L.
7. Patients must be able to swallow whole pills.
8. Female patients of childbearing potential must have negative pregnancy test within 7 days before initiation of study drug dosing. Postmenopausal women must be amenorrheic for at least 12 months to be considered of non-childbearing potential. Male and female patients of reproductive potential must agree to employ an effective barrier method of birth control throughout the study and for up to 3 months following discontinuation of study drug.
9. Written, voluntary informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

1. Patient has received any other investigational agents within 28 days of first day of study drug dosing, unless the disease is rapidly progressing.
2. Patient is \< 5 years free of another primary malignancy except: if the other primary malignancy is not currently clinically significant nor requiring active intervention, or if other primary malignancy is a basal cell skin cancer or a cervical carcinoma in situ. Existence of any other malignant disease is not allowed.
3. Patient with Grade III/IV cardiac problems as defined by the New York Heart Association Criteria. (i.e., congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction within 6 months of study)
4. Female patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding.
5. Patient has a severe and/or uncontrolled medical disease (i.e., uncontrolled diabetes, chronic renal disease, or active uncontrolled infection).
6. Patient has a known brain metastasis. Non-specific CNS changes on MRI/CT characteristic of NF1 are allowed, but not known CNS malignancies.
7. Patient has known chronic liver disease (i.e., chronic active hepatitis, and cirrhosis).
8. Patient has a known diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
9. Patient received chemotherapy within 4 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosourea or mitomycin-C) prior to study entry, unless the disease is rapidly progressing.
10. Patient previously received radiotherapy to greater than or equal to 25 % of the bone marrow
11. Patient had a major surgery within 2 weeks prior to study entry.
12. Patient with any significant history of non-compliance to medical regimens or with inability to grant reliable informed consent.
13. Patients who have or anticipate receiving permanent (or semi-permanent) metallic structures attached to their body. (e.g., braces on teeth, body piercings), which their physicians believe will interfere with the MRI.