Cediranib Maleate and Whole Brain Radiation Therapy in Patients With Brain Metastases From Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have one of the following histologically or cytologically confirmed cancers diagnosed no less than 12 weeks prior to study enrollment: non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, colorectal cancer, or renal cell cancer
* Patients must have \>= 1 radiologically proven (by gadolinium-enhanced \[Gd-\] MRI) parenchymal brain metastasis
* Patients must have had no prior therapy for brain metastases with the exception of craniotomy for resection of brain metastases within 8 weeks of study entry
* At least 2 weeks since last prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy (6 weeks if the last regimen included nitrosoureas, mitomycin C or bevacizumab)
* At least 4 weeks since last surgery
* There is no limit to the number of extracranial sites of disease
* Karnofsky performance status \>= 70%
* Life expectancy of greater than 8 weeks
* Leukocytes \>= 3,000/mcL
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,500/mcL
* Platelets \>= 100,000/mcL
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of reference range (ULRR)
* AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) =\< 2.5 x ULRR or =\< 5 x ULRR for patients with liver metastases
* Creatinine =\< 1.5 x ULRR or creatinine clearance \>= 50 mL/min calculated by Cockcroft-Gault for patients with creatinine levels \> 1.5 x ULRR
* Patients must have a mini-mental status exam (MMSE) score \>= 15
* Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; women of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test prior to study entry; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 2 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosoureas, mitomycin C or bevacizumab) prior to entering the study or those who have not recovered from adverse events due to agents administered more than 2 weeks earlier
* Patients receiving any other investigational agents or who have participated in an investigational therapeutic trial within the past 30 days
* History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to AZD2171
* Patients taking enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED); patients may be on non-enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (NEIAED) or may be on no antiepileptic drugs (AED); patients off EIAED for \>= 2 weeks are eligible
* Although the following medications are not contra-indicated on this study, each should be used with extreme caution, due to potential nephrotoxic effects: vancomycin, amphotericin, pentamidine
* Patients who have leptomeningeal disease as the only site of CNS involvement are excluded, because disease progression is difficult to evaluate and standard treatment options and the extent of radiation may differ
* Patients taking oral anticoagulant drugs are excluded; patients may be taking low molecular weight heparin
* Patients with a mean corrected QT interval \> 470 milliseconds (with Bezett's correction) or patients with familial prolonged QT syndrome
* Patients with \> 1+ proteinuria on two successive urine dipstick assessments taken no less than 7 days apart, unless urinary protein is \< 1.5 g in a 24-hour period; if first urinalysis shows no protein, then a repeat urinalysis is NOT required
* Patients with significant hemorrhage (\> 30mL bleeding per episode in previous 3 months) or hemoptysis (\> 5mL fresh blood in previous 4 weeks)
* Patients who have brain imaging (CT or MRI) evidence of acute intra- or peri- tumoral hemorrhage \> grade 1; patients with punctuate hemorrhage or hemosiderin deposition are eligible
* Patients who cannot undergo MRI safely
* Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, uncontrolled hypertension (\> 140 systolic or \> 90 diastolic mm Hg), New York Heart Association class III or IV heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
* Patients with conditions requiring concurrent drugs or biologics with proarrhythmic potential
* Pregnant women are excluded from this study; breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with AZD2171
* HIV-positive patients on combination antiretroviral therapy are ineligible