Intermittent Liposomal Amphotericin B Primary Prophylaxis

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients fulfilling all the following criteria will be eligible:

* Male or female aged \>18years;
* Newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia and undergoing first induction chemotherapy regimen;
* Expected to have absolute neutrophil counts of \<0.5x109/L for at least 2 weeks;
* Normal high resolution chest and sinus CT scan at baseline;
* No signs or symptoms of invasive fungal infections
* No prior diagnosis of proven or probable invasive fungal infection within the last 6 months;
* Females of childbearing potential must be: surgically incapable of pregnancy; or practicing an acceptable mode of birth control and have a negative pregnancy test (blood or urine) at baseline;
* Give written informed consent prior to any study-specific procedures;
* Must have the ability and must agree to comply with all study requirements.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients with any of the following will be ineligible

* Known hypersensitivity to amphotericin B, in particular known history of anaphylactic reaction to amphotericin B;
* Patients undergoing any transplantation;
* Creatinine clearance \<60mL/min/1.72 m2;
* Patients with moderate or severe liver disease as defined by aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \> 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Patients who are unlikely to survive more than one month;
* Patients who have received systemic antifungal therapy within the last 15 days
* Any severe cardiovascular disease ( in particular arrhythmias) which may constitute a contra-indication to LAB (AmBisome®) administration;
* Any severe diseases other than acute myeloid leukaemia which in the investigator's judgement may interfere with study evaluations or affect the patients safety;
* Pregnant or nursing females;
* Patients previously included in this study;
* Patients who have taken an investigational drug in the last 30 days prior to the inclusion.
* Patients enrolled in a pre-emptive treatment strategy trial