The New England Bladder Cancer Study

Data from the new cancer atlas covering the period 1974 1994 indicates that deaths from bladder cancer among white men and women are elevated in the northeastern United States, particularly the northern parts of New England. The reason for these elevated rates of incidence of and deaths from bladder cancer is unknown. Only part of the excess risk can be explained by exposure to the textile and leather industries. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that contribute to the high rates of incidence of and death from bladder cancer in northern New England. The main objectives are to: * estimate the risk of developing bladder cancer associated with inorganic arsenic in drinking water, other water contaminants, tobacco use, occupational exposures, residential proximity to industrial sites, dietary factors, ethnicity, and use of wood-burning stoves. * estimate the extent to which water containing inorganic arsenic explains the increased rates of bladder cancer. * estimate the extent to which exposure to other risk factors explains the increased rates. * evaluate risk of bladder cancer according to genetic factors. * examine interactions of these factors with tobacco use, occupational exposure, and environmental exposure to arsenic and other compounds. All people ages 30 79 with confirmed cases of bladder cancer will be eligible for the study. Twelve hundred people with bladder cancer and twelve hundred individuals with no previous bladder cancer will be included. After potential participants are recruited and agreement is obtained over the telephone, they will complete a calendar and collect toenail clippings prior to the home interview. During the home visit, an investigator will administer a computer-assisted personal interview, collect drinking water samples and the clippings, and obtain a global positioning satellite reading. Other biological samples, such as saliva samples, urine, and blood, may be requested. Private wells at any previous homes of participants will also be sampled. The location of previous homes will be determined and the current homeowner will be asked to allow sampling of the well. The associations between bladder cancer and environmental exposures will be examined and the extent to which exposures to such risk factors explain the elevated mortality and incidence in northern New England will be estimated. ...

Sex

All

Minimum age

30 Years

Maximum age

79 Years

* INCLUSION CRITERIA:

All histologically-confirmed incident cases of carcinoma of the bladder, including carcinoma in situ, between the ages of 30 and 79 years occurring among residents of New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont during an accrual period of about three years are eligible to be included in the study.

Controls must be aged 30 to 79, with no previous bladder cancer diagnosis. Individuals with other malignancies will not be excluded.

Controls under age 65 will be selected among residents of the three states with valid driving license from the Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) computer tapes at six-month intervals.

Controls aged 65 to 79 will be identified from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) files.

CMS controls will be selected at six-month intervals over the interviewing period of the study from the most recently available updated tapes.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Children will be excluded from this study.

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