Light Scattering Spectroscopy to Determine Brain Tumors

This study will use light scattering spectroscopy (LSS) to analyze brain tissue removed from patients during brain surgery to determine if this new technology can be used to differentiate between normal and cancerous cells. LSS focuses light on cells or tissues, and the way that light is reflected back from the tissues provides information about the size of cells and the density of the cell nuclei (the part of the cell that contains the genes). Patients between 18 and 75 years of age with a known or suspected brain tumor and patients with temporal lobe epilepsy that does not respond to medication may be eligible for this study. (Examination of tissue from patients with epilepsy will allow comparison of tumor and non-tumor brain cells.) All patients must require surgery to treat their condition. Participants will be admitted to the Clinical Center for 3 to 10 days for physical and neurological examinations, blood and urine tests, and other tests needed to prepare for surgery. They will then undergo surgery. A small amount of tissue removed during surgery for pathological review will be collected for use in this study. Half of the tissue will be examined using LSS to help determine the size of the cell and its nucleus. Studies will be done to measure how many of the cells are actively dividing and which proteins are expressed more often in tumor cells compared with normal cells. This information may shed light on how tumor cells are different from normal cells. Participants may be contacted for up to 3 years to follow their health status.

Sex

All

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Radiographic evidence of primary glial neoplasm of the CNS (WHO grade II-IV) or any patient with a known primary neoplasm of the CNS; patients with a known or with radiographic evidence of resectable metastatic brain tumor(s); or patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in whom resective surgery, which will include the lateral termporal neocortex, is indicated.
2. Informed consent from patients age 18 or older.
3. No racial or ethnic group or gender is excluded.
4. Pregnant women who require brain surgery may participate in this study.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Inability to provide informed consent prior to surgery.
2. Medical conditions that cannot be corrected prior to surgery that would be standard contraindications for neurosurgery.

• BACKGROUNDLacroix M, Abi-Said D, Fourney DR, Gokaslan ZL, Shi W, DeMonte F, Lang FF, McCutcheon IE, Hassenbusch SJ, Holland E, Hess K, Michael C, Miller D, Sawaya R. A multivariate analysis of 416 patients with glioblastoma multiforme: prognosis, extent of resection, and survival. J Neurosurg. 2001 Aug;95(2):190-8. doi: 10.3171/jns.2001.95.2.0190. PMID 11780887
• BACKGROUNDLouis DN, Pomeroy SL, Cairncross JG. Focus on central nervous system neoplasia. Cancer Cell. 2002 Mar;1(2):125-8. doi: 10.1016/s1535-6108(02)00040-5. No abstract available. PMID 12086870
• BACKGROUNDSilbergeld DL, Chicoine MR. Isolation and characterization of human malignant glioma cells from histologically normal brain. J Neurosurg. 1997 Mar;86(3):525-31. doi: 10.3171/jns.1997.86.3.0525. PMID 9046311