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Improving Diagnostic Sensitivity in Imbalanced Oral Cancer Image Classification: A Comparative Study of CNN and Transformer Architectures.

Pablo Ormeño-Arriagada, Valentina Zúñiga, Carlos Toro, Gastón Márquez, David Araya, Diego Mellado, Carla Taramasco

CancersSep 9, 2026PMID 42794893doi:10.3390/cancers18182926 PMC13604656Journal ArticlepubmedProvenance
Source
PubMed
Retrieved
Sep 30, 2026
Layer
normalized (units and labels harmonized; values unchanged)
Run
ING-PUBMED-20260930-000001
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BACKGROUND: Class imbalance remains a major limitation in artificial intelligence based oral cancer diagnosis, particularly in small clinical image datasets where malignant lesions are underrepresented. METHODS: Using a dataset of 3000 mobile-acquired oral cavity images categorized into four…

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