Subtype
Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00005874Explore in graph →
1,565 active trials21 approved drugs382 evidence items
- NCIt
- C4978
- DOID
- 9256
- Other
- 1 more code
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Subtype
CI-CAN-00005874Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
822 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KRAS G12R13 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3985In a retrospective study of 59 metastatic, chemotherapy-refractory, colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (n=22) treated with cetuximab and standard chemotherapy were assoc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17375050 · Di Fiore et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3986In a retrospective study of 89 metastatic irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation (n=24) treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy were associated… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18202412 · Lièvre et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3988In a retrospective study of 572 advanced colorectal cancer patients, patients treated with cetuximab and best supportive care with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (81/164) were associated with reduced response… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18946061 · Karapetis et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3990In a retrospective study of 95 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS activating mutation (n=33) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were reportedly non-respo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20010090 · Yen et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3998In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12R mutation (n=5) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased dise… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID3989In an in vitro study to identify cetuximab-resistant clones following continuous drug treatment, a resistant clone of the Lim1215 colorectal cancer cell line was identified to have the KRAS G12R mutat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22722830 · Misale et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID3987Three patients participating in a large retrospective study of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had tumors which harbored KRAS G12R, were wildtype for NRAS, BRAF and PIK… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Panitumumab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | accepted | EID2264In a retrospective study of 427 metastatic colorectal patients, KRAS mutations were observed in 43% of the tumor samples. Patients with mutations in codon 12 or 13 of KRAS were associated with reduced… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18316791 · Amado et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2265KRAS mutations have been reported in 30-50% of colorectal carcinomas. PMID 16953233 · Oliveira et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2266KRAS mutations have been reported in 30-50% of colorectal carcinomas. PMID 2547513 · Bos, 1989 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2267KRAS mutations have been reported in 30-50% of colorectal carcinomas. PMID 8462792 · Benhattar et al., 1993 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 1 | accepted | EID3991In an in vitro study, a human colon adenocarcinoma SW48 cell line expressing KRAS G12R mutation demonstrated resistance to regorafenib treatment (IC50: 181.77 nM vs. 114.28 nM, P<0.01) compared to SW4… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26161928 · Camaj et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sunitinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3992In an in vitro study, colorectal cancer SW48 cell line expressing KRAS G12R mutation demonstrated reduced sensitivity to sunitinib treatment (IC50: 4.5uM vs. 2.6uM, P<0.05) compared to SW48 cells expr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23455880 · Modest et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12S21 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | submitted | EID7168G12S were associated with worse overall survival (2 to 3 fold increased risk for long term death) compared with patients with wtKRAS and were independent prognostic factors of worse OS of patients (Fi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26038887 · Margonis et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID4006This was a retrospective study of 691 cetuximab treated patients with metastatic, chemotherapy refractory colorectal cancer. Of those, 16 patients harbored KRAS G12S, were BRAF, NRAS and PIK3CA wt, an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | |||||||
| KRAS G12V16 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID2219This was a retrospective study of 691 cetuximab treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Of those, 39 patients harbored KRAS G12V, were BRAF, NRAS and PIK3CA wt, and had individual response… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3916In a retrospective study of 23 EGFR-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with KRAS codon G12 or G13 mutations (n=6) treated with cetuximab were associated with decreased partial … (full text at CIViC) PMID 17363584 · Benvenuti et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm | |||||||
Data updated 12 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| — |
| submitted |
EID4005In a retrospective study of 23 EGFR-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with KRAS codon G12 or G13 mutations (n=6) treated with cetuximab were associated with decreased partial … (full text at CIViC) PMID 17363584 · Benvenuti et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4000In a retrospective study of 30 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation (n=13) treated with cetuximab and standard chemotherapy were associated with an absen… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16618717 · Lièvre et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4001In a retrospective study of 113 metastatic irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation treated with cetuximab plus irinotecan (34/83) were associated… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17998284 · De Roock et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID4002In a retrospective study of 168 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (32/92) treated with cetuximab as salvage therapy (second-line therapy or higher) in combina… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19603024 · Souglakos et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4003In a retrospective study of 59 metastatic, chemotherapy-refractory, colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (n=22) treated with cetuximab and standard chemotherapy were assoc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17375050 · Di Fiore et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4004In a retrospective study of 89 metastatic irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation (n=24) treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy were associated… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18202412 · Lièvre et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4007In a retrospective study of 572 advanced colorectal cancer patients, patients treated with cetuximab and best supportive care with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (81/164) were associated with reduced response… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18946061 · Karapetis et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4008In a retrospective study of 32 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, a patient with KRAS G12S mutation treated with cetuximab was reported to be a non-responder, whereas none of the 10 partial respon… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18669866 · Perrone et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4009In a phase 3 clinical study of 1,198 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and treated with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI were associated with reduced overal… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21502544 · Van Cutsem et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4010In a phase 2 clinical study of 344 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and treated with cetuximab plus FOLFOX-4 (n=52) were associated with reduced … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19114683 · Bokemeyer et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4011In a phase 3 clinical study (NCT00154102) of 1198 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and treated with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI (n=105) were associate… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19339720 · Van Cutsem et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + PanitumumabSubstitutes | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID6314In this study, a large cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer patients were treated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab or panitumumab). KRAS PIK3CA and PTEN we… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Panitumumab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | accepted | EID2269In a retrospective study of 427 metastatic colorectal patients, KRAS mutations were observed in 43% of the tumor samples. Patients with mutations in codon 12 or 13 of KRAS were associated with reduced… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18316791 · Amado et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID2270KRAS mutations have been reported in 30-50% of colorectal carcinomas. PMID 16953233 · Oliveira et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID2271KRAS mutations have been reported in 30-50% of colorectal carcinomas. PMID 2547513 · Bos, 1989 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID2272KRAS mutations have been reported in 30-50% of colorectal carcinomas. PMID 8462792 · Benhattar et al., 1993 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + PanitumumabSubstitutes | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Does Not Support Resistance | 1 | rejected | EID6324In this study, a large cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer patients were treated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab or panitumumab). KRAS G12S was the only … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID4012In an in vitro study, a human colon adenocarcinoma SW48 cell line expressing KRAS G12S mutation demonstrated resistance to regorafenib treatment (IC50: 264.23 nM vs. 114.28 nM, P<0.01) compared to SW4… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26161928 · Camaj et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sunitinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4014In an in vitro study, colorectal cancer SW48 cell line expressing KRAS G12S mutation demonstrated reduced sensitivity to sunitinib treatment (IC50: 6.7uM vs. 2.6uM, P<0.05) compared to SW48 cells expr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23455880 · Modest et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| — |
| submitted |
EID3919In a phase 3 clinical study of 533 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS G12V mutation and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy (n=72) were associated with reduce… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22734028 · Tejpar et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3911In a retrospective study of 30 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation (n=13) treated with cetuximab and standard chemotherapy were associated with an absen… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16618717 · Lièvre et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3912In a retrospective study of 59 metastatic, chemotherapy-refractory, colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (n=22) treated with cetuximab and standard chemotherapy were assoc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17375050 · Di Fiore et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3913In a retrospective study of 113 metastatic irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation treated with cetuximab plus irinotecan (34/83) were associated… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17998284 · De Roock et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID3914In a retrospective study of 168 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (32/92) treated with cetuximab as salvage therapy (second-line therapy or higher) in combina… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19603024 · Souglakos et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3915In a retrospective study of 89 metastatic irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer patients, patients with a KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutation (n=24) treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy were associated… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18202412 · Lièvre et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3918In a retrospective study of 572 advanced colorectal cancer patients, patients treated with cetuximab and best supportive care with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (81/164) were associated with reduced response… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18946061 · Karapetis et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3920In a phase 3 clinical study of 1,198 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and treated with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI were associated with reduced overal… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21502544 · Van Cutsem et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3921In a phase 2 clinical study of 344 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and treated with cetuximab plus FOLFOX-4 (n=52) were associated with reduced … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19114683 · Bokemeyer et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3922In a retrospective study of 95 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS activating mutation (n=33) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were reportedly non-respo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20010090 · Yen et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3923In a phase 3 clinical study (NCT00154102) of 1198 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients harboring KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and treated with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI (n=105) were associate… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19339720 · Van Cutsem et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3931In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12V mutation (n=213) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased di… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID136Cells harboring KRAS G12V mutation were insensitive to cetuximab treatment in isogenic SW48 cells and in a mouse xenograft model. PMID 20978259 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + PanitumumabCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID6313KRAS G12V was the only variant noted in the primary tumors of two metastatic colorectal cancer patients who experienced stable disease following treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (E… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |